Merge pull request #7 from efecini/general-notes

General notes

1_notes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+
+# Prints the hexadecimal representation of the value.
+print(int('b',16), int('62ba1cd8a',16))
+
+#testnet : A small replica of bitcoin for developers to test their app without real money.
+#We use bitcoin-cli command to communicate with a node. It is a command line utility.
+#In this course we use >testnet rather than >bitcoin-cli.
+#Prints all the commands to use in testnet or mainnet
+testnet help
+mainnet help
+
+#Gets the help for the related command
+testnet help getblockchaininfo
+
+#Makes the query with the method for the testnet. mainnet for the actual chain
+testnet getblockchaininfo
+
+#Gives the mining info
+mainnet getmininginfo
+
+#Check how the nodes talk with each other from https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#protocol-versions
+#This changes from version to version. ipv4 / ipv6 / onion
+
+#Gives the wallet info
+testnet getwalletinfo
+
+#The transactions related to wallet
+testnet listtransactions
+
+#Code to connect to node
+#If you don't have bitcoinrpc install it with pip:
+#pip install python-bitcoinrpc
+
+"""
+Code:
+from bitcoinrpc.authproxy import AuthServiceProxy
+
+N = 115792089237316195423570985008687907852837564279074904382605163141518161494337
+big_number = 105936749493397165751943248390023977685888340619776708311600296471039819517671
+
+class RPC:
+
+    def __init__(self, uri):
+        self.rpc = AuthServiceProxy(uri)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        """Hack to establish a new AuthServiceProxy every time this is called"""
+        return getattr(self.rpc, name)
+
+rpc_template = "http://%s:%s@%s:%s"
+mainnet = RPC(rpc_template %
+        ('bitcoin', 'python', '68.183.110.103', 8332))
+testnet = RPC(rpc_template %
+        ('bitcoin', 'python', 'localhost', 18332))
+"""
+"""
+pprint : A package to print objects pretty.Especially JSON objects.
+from helpers import testnet
+from pprint import pprint
+
+pprint(testnet.getblockchaininfo())
+"""

3_digital_signatures.py

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+###    Digital Signatures    ###
+
+from helpers import mainnet,testnet
+from pprint import pprint
+
+#sign and verify messages like this: signmessage "address" "message"
+
+#First we have to get an address:
+address = testnet.getnewaddress('','legacy')
+print(f"Address created with private key is:{address}")
+
+#Create our message. Just a basic string
+msg = 'this is a message'
+print(f"Message is:{msg}")
+
+#Create the signature by signing the address with a message. It returns you a signature
+signature = testnet.signmessage(address, msg)
+print(f"Signature created with address for the message {msg} is:{signature}")
+
+#Verify that our signature is valid with my address for 'my message' msg
+verified = testnet.verifymessage(address, signature, 'this is a message')
+print(f"Verified?:{verified}")
+
+#If you try the worng msg to sign, it will print false.
+verified2 = testnet.verifymessage(address, signature, 'this is a message too')
+print(f"Verified?:{verified2}")

4_hashing.py

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+###    HASHING    ###
+
+from helpers import mainnet,testnet
+from pprint import pprint
+
+# Hash functions takes data and gives you a fingerprint.You CANT reverse it
+
+# This is a built in library in python
+# To get more information on hashlib: help(hashlib)
+import hashlib
+
+# hashlib onjects return a hash obj
+msg = b'hello, i am efe'
+hash1 = hashlib.sha256(msg)
+print(hash1,'\n')
+
+# with digest we get the data in that hash object
+hash2 = hashlib.sha256(msg).digest()
+print(hash2,'\n')
+
+# with hexdigest we get the hexadecimal data in that hash object
+# Hexadecimal(means 16) characters: 0123456789ABCDEF
+hash3 = hashlib.sha256(msg).hexdigest()
+print(hash3,'\n')
+
+# Example
+# Get a string, turn it into bytes and hash it.
+msg2 = input('Enter a string:')
+print(msg2.encode()) #turns into byte
+
+#You must change msg to the bytes with encode befre hashing
+#hash5 = hashlib.sha256(msg2).hexdigest() #fail. 
+#print(hash5)
+
+hash4 = hashlib.sha256(msg2.encode()).hexdigest() #get the hash with encoded string
+print(hash4)

5_proof_of_work.py

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+import hashlib
+
+#Try to find the hash (of a block) which starts with some amount of zeros. We are impersonating the miners acivities here.
+
+def hashed(d, n):
+    d += n.to_bytes(4, 'little')
+    return hashlib.sha256(d).hexdigest()
+
+data = b'hash of a block'
+nonce = 0
+zeros_required = 4
+
+while not (hashed(data, nonce)[:zeros_required] == ('0' * zeros_required)):
+    print (nonce, hashed(data, nonce))
+    nonce +=1
+
+print('Found:',nonce,hashed(data, nonce))

6_bitcoin_blockreward_calculator.py

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+from helpers import mainnet, testnet
+from decimal import Decimal
+from pprint import pprint
+
+def calculate_bitcoin_cycle_and_block_reward():
+    #This little program gives the bitcoin's cycle count and the bitcoin block reward amount
+    INITIAL_SUBSIDY = 50
+    BLOCKS_PER_HALVENING = 210000
+    last_block = mainnet.getblockchaininfo()["blocks"]
+    cycle_count = int(last_block/BLOCKS_PER_HALVENING)
+    block_reward = INITIAL_SUBSIDY / (cycle_count*2)
+    return cycle_count+1, block_reward
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    cycle, block_reward = calculate_bitcoin_cycle_and_block_reward()
+    pprint(cycle)
+    print(f"Bitcoin is in the {cycle}. halvening cycle and the block reward is {block_reward} ₿ right now.")

7_transactions.py

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+### TRANSACTIONS ###
+from helpers import mainnet, testnet
+from decimal import Decimal
+from pprint import pprint
+
+#We want to send bitcoin to an address
+#help(testnet.sendtoaddress()) bitcoin-cli sendtoaddress "1M72Sfpbz1BPpXFHz9m3CdqATR44Jvaydd" 0.1
+#First send tbtc to your address from a tbtc faucet then eun the program
+address = testnet.getnewaddress('','legacy')
+address2 = testnet.getnewaddress('','legacy')
+print(address)
+print(address2)
+print(testnet.getbalance())
+
+#We have sent the tbtc to an adress Bize output olarak bir tx döndürdü. We have sent tbtc to ourselves actually. It returned the transaction id
+tx = testnet.sendtoaddress(address2, 0.0000100)
+print(tx)
+
+#We can get tha transaction and check the input and the outputs
+pprint(testnet.gettransaction(tx))

bitcoin_blockreward_calculator.py

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-from helpers import mainnet
-from decimal import Decimal
-
-def calculate_bitcoin_cycle_and_block_reward():
-    #This little program tells you the bitcoin's cycle count and the bitcoin block reward amount
-    INITIAL_SUBSIDY = Decimal(50)
-    BLOCKS_PER_HALVENING = 210000
-    last_block = mainnet.getblockchaininfo()["blocks"]
-    cycle_count = int(last_block/BLOCKS_PER_HALVENING)
-    block_reward = INITIAL_SUBSIDY / cycle_count*2
-    return {"Cycle":cycle_count+1, "Block_reward":block_reward}
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    cycle = calculate_bitcoin_cycle_and_block_reward()
-    print(f"Bitcoin is in the {cycle.get('Cycle')}. halvening cycle and the block reward is {cycle.get('Block_reward')} ₿ right now.")

my2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""
+_ = set(map(int, input().split()))
+arr = input().split()
+s1 = set(map(int, input().split()))
+s2 = set(map(int, input().split()))
+
+print(s1)
+print(s2)
+print(s3)
+print(sum([(i in s1)-(i in s2) for i in arr]))
+
+n, m = raw_input().split()
+
+sc_ar = raw_input().split()
+
+A = set(raw_input().split())
+B = set(raw_input().split())
+print sum([(i in A) - (i in B) for i in sc_ar])
+"""
+A = set(input().split())
+B = set(input().split())
+print(A)
+print(B)
+print(A.issuperset(B))

notes_01.py

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-'''
-print(int('b',16), int('62ba1cd8a',16)) # Prints the hexadecimal representation of the value.
-/
-testnet : A small replica of bitcoin for developers to test their app without real money.
-We use bitcoin-cli command to communicate with a node. It is a command line utility.
-In this course we use >testnet rather than >bitcoin-cli.
-/
->testnet help
->mainnet help
-Prints all the commands to use in testnet or mainnet
-/
->testnet help getblockchaininfo
-Gets the help for the related command
-/
->testnet getblockchaininfo
-Makes the query with the method for the testnet. mainnet for the actual chain
-/
->mainnet getmininginfo
-Gives the mining info
-/
-Check how the nodes talk with each other from https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-reference#protocol-versions
-This changes from version to version. ipv4 / ipv6 / onion
-/
->testnet getwalletinfo
-Gives the wallet info
-/
->testnet listtransactions
-The transactions related to wallet
-/
-Code to connect to node
-If you don't have bitcoinrpc install it with pip:
-pip install python-bitcoinrpc
-/
-Code:
-from bitcoinrpc.authproxy import AuthServiceProxy
-
-N = 115792089237316195423570985008687907852837564279074904382605163141518161494337
-big_number = 105936749493397165751943248390023977685888340619776708311600296471039819517671
-
-class RPC:
-
-    def __init__(self, uri):
-        self.rpc = AuthServiceProxy(uri)
-
-    def __getattr__(self, name):
-        """Hack to establish a new AuthServiceProxy every time this is called"""
-        return getattr(self.rpc, name)
-
-rpc_template = "http://%s:%s@%s:%s"
-mainnet = RPC(rpc_template %
-        ('bitcoin', 'python', '68.183.110.103', 8332))
-testnet = RPC(rpc_template %
-        ('bitcoin', 'python', 'localhost', 18332))
-/
-pprint : A package to print objects pretty.Especially JSON objects.
-from helpers import testnet
-from pprint import pprint
-
-pprint(testnet.getblockchaininfo())
-'''